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Judge David S. Leibowitz rules federal non‑citizen voting ban unconstitutional in case of Jamaican national Chelsea Cox

The Miami‑based judge says only states can set voter qualifications and the Justice Department will appeal the decision

AI-assisted coverage comparison, editor-supervised · How this was made

Published
Judge David S. Leibowitz rules federal non‑citizen voting ban unconstitutional in case of Jamaican national Chelsea Cox

What this story says

  • Judge David S. Leibowitz ruled the federal statute that criminalises non‑citizen voting unconstitutional.
  • The decision applies only to the case of Jamaican national Chelsea Cox, charged with voting in the 2020 election.
  • The Justice Department said it will appeal the ruling.
  • The judge said the Constitution reserves voter‑qualification power to the states, not Congress.

Who covered it

Left 15%(4)Centre 33%(9)Right 52%(14)

Percentages are shares of the 27 outlets carrying a published leaning rating. 2 of the 29 outlets we know ran this story carry no rating and are not counted in them. Coverage measured .

Trust

86/100

Craft

95/100

Hype

30/100

29 sources · methodology

Thin on the left so far

Only 4 of the 27 outlets with a published leaning rating that ran this story are rated left.

This story is still being watched, so it is a count and not yet a finding. Coverage keeps arriving for hours after an event, and a side that has published nothing this morning may publish by tonight. If it is still true when we stop checking, we will say so plainly.

U.S. District Judge David S. Leibowitz, a Biden‑appointed judge in Miami, issued a 31‑page order dismissing the federal criminal case against Chelsea Cox, a Jamaican national who was charged in October 2025 with illegally voting in the 2020 presidential election. The judge held that the decades‑old federal statute 18 U.S.C. § 611, which makes it a misdemeanor for a non‑citizen to vote in a federal election, exceeds Congress’s constitutional authority because the Constitution limits voter‑qualification power to the states.

Leibowitz wrote that only states may set the qualifications for voters in federal elections and that every state already requires U.S. citizenship to vote. He therefore concluded that the federal law is unconstitutional. The ruling is limited to Cox’s case and does not create binding precedent for other pending challenges.

Shortly after the order, a Justice Department spokesperson confirmed that the department will appeal the decision. No other federal defendants were affected by the ruling.

“The Constitution does not authorize Congress to legislate voter qualifications for federal elections.”

— Judge David S. Leibowitz, U.S. District Judge

What the coverage left out

None of the right‑rated digests mention the Justice Department’s announced appeal of Judge Leibowitz’s decision.

Still developing. We have re-checked which outlets are covering this 4 times, most recently on 3 Oct 2026, 04:00, and will add the sides that appear.

How other outlets pictured it

Which photograph to run is each newsroom’s own choice. The leaning beside a name is that outlet’s published rating, not a claim that the pictures divide along it. Every picture is shown from the outlet’s own server and links to the article it ran in.

Senior US law enforcement officials announce they have arrested 10 people for allegedly voting illegally in elections in Minnesota, on September 30, 2026 [Anna Moneymaker via Getty/AFP]
Al JazeeraLeft

How each side covered it

Our own reading of the reporting listed below, written from the outlets’ articles rather than quoted from them. The reasoning is set out on our methodology page.

Left

4 rated outlets

  • All four left‑rated outlets highlighted the political context of the case. Al Jazeera’s full report noted that the ruling dealt a setback to President Donald Trump’s administration, which has been pursuing alleged election‑fraud cases. The outlet also mentioned Trump’s false claims that non‑citizen voting cost him the 2020 election and cited Reuters data that most of the 129 people charged since 2021 were lawful permanent residents who voted by mistake. Election Law Blog’s digest echoed the Reuters summary, stressing the blow to the Trump administration’s campaign against alleged fraud. NBC News’s digest quoted the judge’s language that the Constitution does not give Congress authority over voter qualifications. GV Wire’s brief digest described the ruling as historic and framed it as a victory for voting‑rights advocates.

Centre

9 rated outlets

  • The nine centre‑rated outlets focused on the legal reasoning and procedural outcome. CBS News’s full report provided the most detail, quoting Leibowitz’s statement that the statute “oversteps constitutional bounds” and noting his request for a conservative amicus brief. Jerusalem Post’s digest reiterated that only states can set voter qualifications. Investing.com, Lufkin News, Mighty 790 KFGO, WHBL, WTVB, Market Screener and Reuters all reproduced the Reuters‑style summary that a U.S. judge dismissed the case, found the law unconstitutional, and that the decision delivers a blow to the Trump administration’s election‑fraud push. None of the centre digests added commentary beyond the basic facts of the ruling and the pending appeal.

Right

14 rated outlets

  • The thirteen right‑rated digests framed the decision as a limitation on federal power. Breitbart, Hot Air, Liberty Daily, WND, New York Post, Daily Signal, PJ Media, Gateway Pundit, yourNEWS, Epoch Times, regionalmedianews and Washington Times all reported that the judge said Congress cannot ban non‑citizens from voting and that the ruling struck down the federal ban. Several outlets used language such as “commies in the court” or “Biden‑appointed judge” to underscore partisan overtones. None of the right‑rated digests mentioned the Justice Department’s intention to appeal the ruling.

Questions about this coverage

How did the left and right cover Judge David S. Leibowitz rules federal non‑citizen voting ban…?
Of the 27 outlets on this story carrying a published leaning rating, 15% are rated left, 33% are rated centre, 52% are rated right. Those percentages are shares of the rated outlets, not of every outlet that ran it, which was 29. The sections above set out what each side emphasised, in its own terms.
Is Judge David S. Leibowitz rules federal non‑citizen voting ban… left or right?
Neither side dominates it. Of the 27 rated outlets on this story, 15% are rated left, 33% are rated centre, 52% are rated right, and no side holds the 70% this site would want before calling a field one-sided. A story is not left or right in any case; the outlets that carried it are what carry ratings.
Is the coverage of Judge David S. Leibowitz rules federal non‑citizen voting ban… biased?
Judge David S. Leibowitz rules federal non‑citizen voting ban unconstitutional in case of Jamaican national Chelsea Cox is one event reported by 29 outlets, and this page does not rate the story as biased or unbiased. What it publishes is the spread: which outlets ran it, where named rating organisations place each of them on the spectrum, and what each side chose to lead with. A leaning rating describes an outlet's record over time, not this article, and the two should not be run together.
Which side is not reporting Judge David S. Leibowitz rules federal non‑citizen voting ban…?
When we first saw this story, outlets rated left had barely covered it. Coverage accretes for hours after an event, so that is where to look rather than a verdict — the split above is the current count, and it is the one to read.
Which outlets covered Judge David S. Leibowitz rules federal non‑citizen voting ban…?
29 that we know of, every one of them listed further up this page with a link to its own report and to what we hold on the publisher. Nothing here is a summary of somebody else's summary: the outlets are named so the original reporting can be read.
What did Judge Leibowitz rule about the non‑citizen voting law?
Judge David S. Leibowitz dismissed the federal case against Chelsea Cox and declared the statute criminalising non‑citizen voting unconstitutional, stating that only states have the authority to set voter qualifications under the Constitution.
Does the ruling affect other non‑citizen voting cases?
The decision applies only to Cox’s case and does not bind other courts, although it may influence the roughly 45 similar cases pending nationwide.
What is the Justice Department’s response?
A Justice Department spokesperson confirmed that the department will appeal Judge Leibowitz’s ruling, seeking to overturn the finding that the federal law is unconstitutional.
How did different media outlets frame the story?
Left‑rated outlets linked the ruling to President Trump’s election‑fraud narrative, centre‑rated outlets emphasized the legal reasoning and appeal, and right‑rated outlets highlighted the limitation on federal power, often using partisan language.

Read it at the source

29 outlets, grouped by the leaning a published rating gives them. Every headline links to the original; an underlined outlet name opens our profile of that publisher.

Left

4

Centre

9
Show 1 more

Right

14
Show 6 more

Not rated

2

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Non-citizen voting ban ruled unconstitutional | MediaBias News