Serbian activists targeted with advanced spyware
At least 14 individuals from civil society were infected with Pegasus and NoviSpy.
AI-assisted coverage comparison, editor-supervised · How this was made

Serbian activists targeted with advanced spyware
Photograph: 24ur.com (embedded from source)
What this story says
- At least 14 people from civil society in Serbia were targeted with advanced spyware, including members of a student movement challenging the government.
- The spyware infections, revealed in August, involved Pegasus and NoviSpy, installed via zero-click exploits in iMessage.
- The installation of Pegasus software has a reported cost of between 50,000 and 100,000 euros.
Who covered it
Percentages are shares of the 25 outlets carrying a published leaning rating. 50 of the 75 outlets we know ran this story carry no rating and are not counted in them. Coverage measured .
Trust
42/100
Craft
45/100
Hype
41/100
75 sources · methodology
At least 14 individuals from civil society in Serbia have been targeted with advanced spyware. Among those affected are members of a student movement that has been challenging the government of Aleksandar Vučić. The spyware infections were revealed in August. The tools used included Pegasus and NoviSpy, which were installed through zero-click exploits in iMessage.
Disagreement on spyware cost
One report states that the installation of Pegasus software costs between 50,000 and 100,000 euros. This figure was not mentioned in the other reports.
What the coverage left out
None of the left-rated reports mentioned the cost estimate for installing Pegasus software. The unrated reports did not mention the co-developer of the software.
Still developing. We have re-checked which outlets are covering this 1 time, most recently on 4 Sept 2026, 20:30, and will add the sides that appear.
How other outlets pictured it
Which photograph to run is each newsroom’s own choice. The leaning beside a name is that outlet’s published rating, not a claim that the pictures divide along it. Every picture is shown from the outlet’s own server and links to the article it ran in.

Serbian activists targeted with advanced spyware
Balkan Insight — embedded from source

FT: Studenti i opozicioni aktivisti u Srbiji na meti špijunskog softvera 1
Dnevni list Danas — embedded from source
How each side covered it
Our own reading of the reporting listed below, written from the outlets’ articles rather than quoted from them. The reasoning is set out on our methodology page.
Left
9 rated outlets
- Left-rated outlets reported that at least 14 activists, students, and opposition figures in Serbia were targeted with spyware, including Pegasus. These reports stated that the surveillance occurred ahead of elections and was the largest documented wave of its kind in the country. Citizen Lab confirmed Pegasus spyware on a student activist's phone.
- Serbian authorities, including the intelligence agency and President Aleksandar Vucic, denied the allegations, calling them 'trivial sensationalism' and claiming the accusers acted in the interests of foreign groups. Balkan Insight reported these denials, quoting the BIA and the President.
- Some reports noted that the spyware could access all data on a device and secretly record its activity, and that its use is illegal in Serbia. Dnevni list Danas mentioned that one case involved NoviSpy, a domestic spyware, allegedly installed while a person was in police custody.
Centre
8 rated outlets
- The centre-rated report led with the targeting of students by Pegasus spyware in Serbia. It noted that the information was presented as a press review prepared in partnership with the Courrier des Balkans.
Right
8 rated outlets
- The right-rated report focused on President Vučić using spyware against the opposition in Serbia. It stated that government opponents and journalists are spied on with illegal software during elections. The report also mentioned that the installation of Pegasus software costs between 50,000 and 100,000 euros and identified Shalev Hulio as an Israeli business partner who co-developed the software.
Questions about this coverage
- How did the left and right cover Serbian activists targeted with advanced spyware?
- Of the 25 outlets on this story carrying a published leaning rating, 36% are rated left, 32% are rated centre, 32% are rated right. Those percentages are shares of the rated outlets, not of every outlet that ran it, which was 75. The sections above set out what each side emphasised, in its own terms.
- Is Serbian activists targeted with advanced spyware left or right?
- Neither side dominates it. Of the 25 rated outlets on this story, 36% are rated left, 32% are rated centre, 32% are rated right, and no side holds the 70% this site would want before calling a field one-sided. A story is not left or right in any case; the outlets that carried it are what carry ratings.
- Is the coverage of Serbian activists targeted with advanced spyware biased?
- Serbian activists targeted with advanced spyware is one event reported by 75 outlets, and this page does not rate the story as biased or unbiased. What it publishes is the spread: which outlets ran it, where named rating organisations place each of them on the spectrum, and what each side chose to lead with. A leaning rating describes an outlet's record over time, not this article, and the two should not be run together.
- Which outlets covered Serbian activists targeted with advanced spyware?
- 75 that we know of, every one of them listed further up this page with a link to its own report and to what we hold on the publisher. Nothing here is a summary of somebody else's summary: the outlets are named so the original reporting can be read.
- How many people in Serbia were targeted with spyware?
- At least 14 people from civil society in Serbia have been targeted with advanced spyware. These individuals included members of a student movement that has been challenging the government.
- What kind of spyware was used against Serbian activists?
- Pegasus and NoviSpy were used against Serbian activists. The spyware was installed through zero-click exploits in iMessage, meaning no action was required from the target to initiate the infection.
- What is the cost of installing Pegasus spyware?
- The installation of Pegasus software is reported to cost between 50,000 and 100,000 euros. This figure was mentioned in one of the reports covering the incident.
Read it at the source
75 outlets, grouped by the leaning a published rating gives them. Every headline links to the original; an underlined outlet name opens our profile of that publisher.
Left
9- Serbian activists allege being hit with hi-tech spyware (opens EURACTIV in a new tab)
- Student Protests in Serbia: 14 Mobile Phones Attacked with Spyware (opens Schweizer Radio und Fernsehen (SRF) in a new tab)
- Serbian Authorities Deny Spyware Attacks on Student Protesters, Activists (opens Balkan Insight in a new tab)
Balkan Insight — is Balkan Insight biased? Our profile of this outlet
- New Wiretapping Scandal in Serbia: 14 Opposition Figures Were Monitored - Pegasus Spyware Found (opens in.gr in a new tab)
- FT: Students and Opposition Activists in Serbia Targeted by Spyware (opens Dnevni list Danas in a new tab)
Dnevni list Danas — is Dnevni list Danas biased? Our profile of this outlet
- Pegasus Spyware May Have Monitored Organizers of Serbian Student Protests (opens telex.hu in a new tab)
- Scandal in Serbia - Activists, Students and Opposition Are Being Wiretapped Before Elections (opens Telegrafi in a new tab)
- U Srbiji Uoči Izbora šPijunirani Studenti I Oporba. Korišten Israeli Pegasus (opens IndexHR in a new tab)
Centre
8- Front Page: In Serbia, Students Targeted by the Pegasus Spyware (opens Radio France Internationale in a new tab)
Radio France Internationale — is Radio France Internationale biased? Our profile of this outlet
- Scandal of Espionage in Serbia. Telephones of Protest Students, Target "the Widest Wave of Surveillance" in the Country (opens Digi 24 in a new tab)
- More than a dozen Serbians targeted with mercenary spyware (opens The Japan Times in a new tab)
The Japan Times — is The Japan Times biased? Our profile of this outlet
- Serbian Students Targeted With Israeli Spyware Ahead Of Elections (Worthy News Investigation) (opens Worthy Christian News in a new tab)
Worthy Christian News — is Worthy Christian News biased? Our profile of this outlet
- Serbian Students Targeted by Israeli Spyware Pegasus (opens 24ur.com in a new tab)
- More than a dozen Serbians targeted with mercenary spyware, digital rights group finds (opens Reuters in a new tab)
- Spyware Targeted Serbian Protest Organizers’ Phones, Report Says (opens Bloomberg in a new tab)
- Pegasus, NoviSpy variant spyware found on devices of Serbian activists (opens CyberScoop in a new tab)
CyberScoop — is CyberScoop biased? Our profile of this outlet
Right
8- Vučić Left the Opposition in Serbia with the Spyware of the... (opens Die Presse in a new tab)
Die Presse — is Die Presse biased? Our profile of this outlet
- Massive Attack with Spyware Reaches Civil Society and Students in Serbia (opens Observador in a new tab)
Observador — is Observador biased? Our profile of this outlet
- Serbia: Organization Documents at Least 14 Attacks with Spying Software on People From Civil Society (opens focus.de in a new tab)
- Serbia: Complaints About Mass Use of Spyware Against Citizens and Students (opens Protothema in a new tab)
Protothema — is Protothema biased? Our profile of this outlet
- Pegasus and NoviSpy used against Serbian protesters (opens news-pravda.com in a new tab)
news-pravda.com — is news-pravda.com biased? Our profile of this outlet
- Spyware targeted Serbian protest organisers' phones, report says (opens The Star Kuala Lumpur in a new tab)
The Star Kuala Lumpur — is The Star Kuala Lumpur biased? Our profile of this outlet
- Serbia's Student Movement Denounces the 'Hacking' of Their Phones with Programs Like Pegasus (opens El Mundo in a new tab)
- More than a dozen Serbians targeted with mercenary spyware, digital rights group finds (opens The Straits Times in a new tab)
The Straits Times — is The Straits Times biased? Our profile of this outlet
Not rated
50- Pegasus Serbia: Citizen Lab Confirms Zero-Click Infections to Activists Before Elections · Global Voices (opens Moncloa in a new tab)
- Serbia: "Tsunami" of Surveillance Targeting Students and Activists (opens ieidiseis.gr in a new tab)
ieidiseis.gr — is ieidiseis.gr biased? Our profile of this outlet
- Scandal with Illegal Surveillance: Ordinary Citizens and Students Targeted by Pegasus (opens e-thessalia.gr in a new tab)
e-thessalia.gr — is e-thessalia.gr biased? Our profile of this outlet
- Pegasus in Serbia: Target of Surveillance on Students of the Anti-Vucic Movement (opens LiFO in a new tab)
- Serbia rocked by spyware attacks on activists and opposition (opens tvpworld.com in a new tab)
tvpworld.com — is tvpworld.com biased? Our profile of this outlet
- Spyware attacks on Serbian students, opposition mark largest known surveillance campaign, report says (opens Radio Poland in a new tab)
Radio Poland — is Radio Poland biased? Our profile of this outlet
- Pegasus Against Protesters: The Largest Wave of Espionage in Serbia (opens frognews.bg in a new tab)
frognews.bg — is frognews.bg biased? Our profile of this outlet
- At least 14 Serbian activists targeted in major spyware attack (opens NewsBytes in a new tab)
Show 42 more
- The Guardian”: At Least 14 Civil Society Serbs Targeted by Spy Programs (opens albeu.com in a new tab)
- Scandal with Illegal Surveillance in Serbia: Ordinary Citizens and Students Targeted by Pegasus (opens Έθνος in a new tab)
Έθνος
- SRF: Spying Fits Into the Image of Serbia as an Increasingly Authoritarian Country (opens vijesti.me in a new tab)
vijesti.me — is vijesti.me biased? Our profile of this outlet
- Serbia: Complaints About Mass Surveillance with Pegasus Software - Students Among the Victims (opens reader.gr in a new tab)
- Serbia: Pegasus Software Surveillance Scandal Targeted by Students and Activists | Pandora's Box (opens koutipandoras.gr in a new tab)
koutipandoras.gr — is koutipandoras.gr biased? Our profile of this outlet
- Vucic Prepares for Elections: Spyware Against Students in Serbia (opens Actualno.com in a new tab)
Actualno.com — is Actualno.com biased? Our profile of this outlet
- Pegasus, New NoviSpy Variant Found On Serbian Students (opens The Cyber Express in a new tab)
The Cyber Express — is The Cyber Express biased? Our profile of this outlet
- Serbia: Students, MPs and Activists Targeted by Spyware Ahead of Elections (opens ekriti in a new tab)
- Members of a Student Movement in Serbia, Targeted by Advanced Spy Programs (opens Mediafax in a new tab)
- Pegasus and NoviSpy Used Against Serbian Protesters (opens securityaffairs.com in a new tab)
securityaffairs.com
- Serbia: Spyware Attack on Students and Activists with Pegasus (opens Anatropi News in a new tab)
Anatropi News — is Anatropi News biased? Our profile of this outlet
- Large group of Serbian opposition, activist figures targeted with spyware (opens The Record by Recorded Future in a new tab)
The Record by Recorded Future — is The Record by Recorded Future biased? Our profile of this outlet
- International Organizations Confirmed: Opposition Activists May Have Been Monitored with Spyware (opens economx.hu in a new tab)
economx.hu — is economx.hu biased? Our profile of this outlet
- Serbia: Spyware Hits Students, MPs and Activists Ahead of Elections (opens enikos.gr in a new tab)
- BIA Rejects 'Spyware' Accusations: Agency Says It Operates only Within the Law (opens Vesti online in a new tab)
Vesti online — is Vesti online biased? Our profile of this outlet
- Serbian Activists Claim They Were Targeted by Israeli Spyware (opens Dnevnik in a new tab)
- BIA on Student Spying Allegations: Plain Trivial Sensationalism (opens Pančevo 013 info in a new tab)
Pančevo 013 info — is Pančevo 013 info biased? Our profile of this outletOpinion
- Serbia: Students and Activists Targeted by Spyware - Vucic's Government Denies (opens dnews.gr in a new tab)
- BIA: Allegations of the Use of Spyware Trivial Sensationalism (opens tanjug.rs in a new tab)
tanjug.rs — is tanjug.rs biased? Our profile of this outletOpinion
- Pegasus Zero-Click Spyware Exploit Infects Serbian Student Movement Member's iPhone (opens IT Security News in a new tab)
IT Security News — is IT Security News biased? Our profile of this outlet
- Attack on Students and Opposition in Serbia! ŠPijuniralo Ih Zloglasnim Programima: Stiglo Je izvješće... (opens 24sata.hr in a new tab)
- Radomir Lazović Tapped when Students - Na Merama BIA! (opens Pokret Ne davimo Beograd in a new tab)
Pokret Ne davimo Beograd
- Serbia Spyware Targeting Raises Election Concerns (opens stratnewsglobal.com in a new tab)
stratnewsglobal.com — is stratnewsglobal.com biased? Our profile of this outlet
- Pegasus Zero-Click Spyware Exploit Infects Serbian Student Movement Member's iPhone (opens The Hacker News in a new tab)
The Hacker News — is The Hacker News biased? Our profile of this outlet
- Pegasus in Support of the Regimes in Serbia and Hungary (opens Cenzolovka in a new tab)
Cenzolovka — is Cenzolovka biased? Our profile of this outlet
- US Congressman Joe Wilson: Vučić's Regime Has Been Wiretapping Serbian Citizens (opens Zëri in a new tab)
- Opposition and student activists in Serbia targeted with advanced spyware (opens European Western Balkans in a new tab)
European Western Balkans — is European Western Balkans biased? Our profile of this outlet
- Studenti U Blokadi: ČLanovi Našeg Pokreta Bili Meta šPijunskog Softvera (opens savremenapolitika.com in a new tab)
savremenapolitika.com
- FT: Students and Opposition Activists in Serbia Targeted by Spyware (opens Naslovi.net in a new tab)
Naslovi.net — is Naslovi.net biased? Our profile of this outlet
- Ni iPhone Nije Siguran U Srbiji: Platili Stotine tisuća Eura Da Hakiraju Studente I Oporbu (opens jabuka.tv in a new tab)
- Alarm in Serbia: At Least Dozens of Activists and Opposition Figures Targeted with Spyware Before Elections - The Geopost (opens TheGeopost in a new tab)
TheGeopost — is TheGeopost biased? Our profile of this outlet
- US Congressman Joe Wilson: Vucic Regime Has Tapped Serbian Citizens (opens Javanews.al in a new tab)
Javanews.al — is Javanews.al biased? Our profile of this outlet
- Scandal in Serbia: Israeli Softver Korišten Za šPijuniranje Pred Local Chambers (opens portalanalitika.me in a new tab)
portalanalitika.me — is portalanalitika.me biased? Our profile of this outlet
- Scandal in Serbia: Israeli Softver Korišten Za šPijuniranje Pred Local Chambers (opens Klix in a new tab)
- Igor Božić: How They Installed the Spy Software Pegasus (opens autonomija.info in a new tab)
autonomija.info — is autonomija.info biased? Our profile of this outlet
- EDITOR'S CONFESSION N1: "How They Installed the Spyware 'Pegasus' on Me for 13 Days"! (opens serbiantimes.info in a new tab)
serbiantimes.info — is serbiantimes.info biased? Our profile of this outletOpinion
- DS: Vučić Je Lično Naredio šPijuniranje Studenata, O Državnom Teroru Obavestićemo Svet (opens n1info.rs in a new tab)
- Izraelski šPijunski Softver Korišten Za Nadzor Studenata I Političara U Srbiji (opens vecernji.ba in a new tab)
vecernji.ba — is vecernji.ba biased? Our profile of this outlet
- Pegasus, NoviSpy variant spyware found on devices of Serbian activists (opens cybernoz.com in a new tab)
cybernoz.com — is cybernoz.com biased? Our profile of this outlet
- 14 students and opposition politicians targeted by spyware in Serbia - European Digital Rights (EDRi) (opens EDRi in a new tab)
EDRi
- Studenti Tvrde Da Su šPijunirani Pegasusom: Meta Attacks Bilo 14 Učesnika Pokręta (opens Euronews.rs in a new tab)
Euronews.rs — is Euronews.rs biased? Our profile of this outlet
- Students and Opposition Members Targeted by Spyware (opens Mašina in a new tab)
Mašina
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