Finland holds largest civil defence exercise in Europe since 1945 amid Russia tensions
Over 2,000 participants in Kuopio rehearsed responses to cyberattacks, missile strikes and infrastructure sabotage
AI-assisted coverage comparison, editor-supervised · How this was made
People are attending the civil defense exercise Shelter 2026 in Kuopio, Finland, Wednesday, Sept. 2, 2026. The exercise is testing how a large number of people can be protected in different types of disruption and during emergency conditions. (Matias Honkamaa/Lehtikuva via AP)
Photograph: Associated Press News (embedded from source)
What this story says
- Finland’s civil defence exercise in Kuopio on 2-3 September 2026 was the largest in Europe since 1945, with over 2,000 participants rehearsing responses to cyberattacks and missile strikes.
- The drill used a rock-hewn shelter designed to withstand nuclear or biological attacks, with conscripts in hazmat suits measuring radiation levels as part of the simulation.
- Finnish authorities reported increased cyberattacks on energy infrastructure and unexplained reflective stickers on vulnerable sites, though no evidence of Russian sabotage was found.
- Outlets disagreed on whether the exercise was a direct response to Russia’s actions in Ukraine or a broader preparedness measure for hybrid threats.
Who covered it
Percentages are shares of the 34 outlets carrying a published leaning rating. 29 of the 63 outlets we know ran this story carry no rating and are not counted in them. Coverage measured .
Trust
88/100
Craft
85/100
Hype
15/100
63 sources · methodology
Finland held a civil defence exercise in the central city of Kuopio on 2-3 September 2026, the largest in Europe since the end of World War II. Over 2,000 participants, including conscripts, volunteers and students, took part in the drill, which simulated cyberattacks disrupting power and water supplies and the threat of missile strikes from Russia. The exercise used a sports hall converted into a rock-hewn shelter designed to withstand nuclear or biological attacks. Finnish conscripts in hazmat suits measured radiation levels during the simulation, as reported by the Associated Press.
The Finnish Security and Intelligence Service investigated drone sightings and reflective stickers found on infrastructure but concluded there was no evidence of Russian sabotage. Savon Voima, a Finnish energy company, reported a rise in cyberattacks since the 2022 invasion of Ukraine and the discovery of unexplained stickers on vulnerable parts of its network. The company’s CEO, Juha Räsänen, said an explosion at those sites could have destroyed a dam, though no perpetrators were identified.
How the reports diverged on Russia’s role
The left-rated reports, including the Associated Press, framed the exercise as a response to Russia’s broader campaign of sabotage across Europe, citing Western officials who linked fires, drone attacks and infrastructure strikes to Moscow. The centre-rated digests, such as those from Euronews and Military.com, carried the same claim but did not lead with it. The right-rated digests, including Breitbart and Protothema, described the drill as a direct preparation for a potential Russian attack, with Protothema stating that citizens were "training for an attack by Russia". None of the digests from any side disputed the exercise’s scale or the threats it addressed.
What the coverage left out
None of the right-rated digests mentioned the Finnish Security and Intelligence Service’s conclusion that drone sightings and reflective stickers were likely unrelated to sabotage. The centre-rated digests omitted the historical context of Finnish-Soviet conflicts, including the veterans’ accounts carried by the Associated Press. Only the Associated Press’s full report included the Ukrainian student’s perspective on the value of civil defence training.
Still developing. We have re-checked which outlets are covering this 1 time, most recently on 3 Sept 2026, 17:30, and will add the sides that appear.
How each side covered it
Our own reading of the reporting listed below, written from the outlets’ articles rather than quoted from them. The reasoning is set out on our methodology page.
Left
11 rated outlets
- The seven left-rated digests and the Associated Press’s full report led on the exercise’s scale and the historical context of Finnish resilience. The Associated Press quoted Finnish veterans recalling Soviet bombings during World War II and a Ukrainian student who sheltered in a stairwell during the 2022 invasion. The report also included the Finnish Security and Intelligence Service’s statement that drone sightings and stickers were likely unrelated to sabotage. Helsingin Sanomat’s digest noted the shelter’s capacity constraints, reporting that less than one square metre of space was allocated per person.
Centre
13 rated outlets
- The seven centre-rated digests, including those from Euronews and The Hill, focused on the exercise’s technical aspects and the immediate threats it addressed. Euronews repeated the claim that Russia was conducting a campaign of sabotage across Europe, while My Mother Lode and Washington Top News led with the shelter’s design and the conscripts’ role in measuring radiation. None of the centre-rated digests quoted Finnish veterans or Ukrainian perspectives, and only VRT’s digest mentioned public sentiment, citing a participant who said, "We underestimate the risk of attacks."
Right
10 rated outlets
- The seven right-rated digests, including those from Breitbart and La Razón, framed the exercise as a direct response to Russia’s aggression. Breitbart and tippinsights led with the shelter’s nuclear-biological protection, while La Razón described the drill as "Finland at war" and emphasised the 72-hour survival scenario. Korrespondent.net and Iefimerida explicitly linked the exercise to a "war with Russia", with Iefimerida’s digest stating that the drill was based on a "particularly worrying scenario". None of the right-rated digests mentioned the Finnish Security and Intelligence Service’s findings on drone sightings or stickers.
Questions about this coverage
- How did the left and right cover Finland holds largest civil defence exercise in Europe since 1945 amid…?
- Of the 34 outlets on this story carrying a published leaning rating, 32% are rated left, 39% are rated centre, 29% are rated right. Those percentages are shares of the rated outlets, not of every outlet that ran it, which was 63. The sections above set out what each side emphasised, in its own terms.
- Is Finland holds largest civil defence exercise in Europe since 1945 amid… left or right?
- Neither side dominates it. Of the 34 rated outlets on this story, 32% are rated left, 39% are rated centre, 29% are rated right, and no side holds the 70% this site would want before calling a field one-sided. A story is not left or right in any case; the outlets that carried it are what carry ratings.
- Is the coverage of Finland holds largest civil defence exercise in Europe since 1945 amid… biased?
- Finland holds largest civil defence exercise in Europe since 1945 amid Russia tensions is one event reported by 63 outlets, and this page does not rate the story as biased or unbiased. What it publishes is the spread: which outlets ran it, where named rating organisations place each of them on the spectrum, and what each side chose to lead with. A leaning rating describes an outlet's record over time, not this article, and the two should not be run together.
- Which outlets covered Finland holds largest civil defence exercise in Europe since 1945 amid…?
- 63 that we know of, every one of them listed further up this page with a link to its own report and to what we hold on the publisher. Nothing here is a summary of somebody else's summary: the outlets are named so the original reporting can be read.
- How many people took part in Finland’s civil defence exercise?
- Over 2,000 participants, including conscripts, volunteers and students, took part in the exercise in Kuopio on 2-3 September 2026. The drill was the largest in Europe since the end of World War II and tested responses to cyberattacks and missile threats from Russia.
- What threats did the Finnish exercise simulate?
- The exercise simulated cyberattacks disrupting power and water supplies and the threat of missile strikes from Russia. Participants rehearsed sheltering in a rock-hewn bunker designed to withstand nuclear or biological attacks, with conscripts measuring radiation levels during the drill.
- Did Finnish authorities find evidence of Russian sabotage?
- The Finnish Security and Intelligence Service investigated drone sightings and reflective stickers on infrastructure but found no evidence of Russian sabotage. Savon Voima, an energy company, reported increased cyberattacks and unexplained stickers on vulnerable sites since 2022.
- Which outlets linked the exercise directly to Russia’s actions in Ukraine?
- Right-rated digests, including Breitbart and Protothema, framed the exercise as a direct response to Russia’s aggression, with Protothema stating that citizens were "training for an attack by Russia". Left-rated reports, such as the Associated Press, linked it to Russia’s broader sabotage campaign in Europe.
Read it at the source
63 outlets, grouped by the leaning a published rating gives them. Every headline links to the original; an underlined outlet name opens our profile of that publisher.
Left
11- HS in Kuopio | Sports Hall Converted Into a Civil Defense Shelter: Less than a Square Meter of Space Reserved per Person (opens Helsingin Sanomat in a new tab)
Helsingin Sanomat — is Helsingin Sanomat biased? Our profile of this outlet
- “Don't Believe What Moscow Says, but Watch What It Does”: Finland's Largest Civil Protection Exercise Since the End of World War II (opens Dnevni list Danas in a new tab)
Dnevni list Danas — is Dnevni list Danas biased? Our profile of this outlet
- Finland Holds Largest Civil Defense Exercise in Europe Since World War II (opens Telegrafi in a new tab)
- With a wary eye on Russia, Finland runs Europe’s largest civil defense exercise since WWII (opens The Seattle Times in a new tab)
The Seattle Times — is The Seattle Times biased? Our profile of this outlet
- With a wary eye on Russia, Finland runs Europe's largest civil defense exercise since WWII (opens The Washington Post in a new tab)
The Washington Post — is The Washington Post biased? Our profile of this outlet
- With a wary eye on Russia, Finland runs Europe's largest civil defense exercise since WWII (opens Goshen News in a new tab)
Goshen News — is Goshen News biased? Our profile of this outlet
- With a wary eye on Russia, Finland runs Europe's largest civil defense exercise since WWII (opens The Independent (US) in a new tab)
The Independent (US) — is The Independent (US) biased? Our profile of this outlet
- With a wary eye on Russia, Finland runs Europe's largest civil defense exercise since WWII (opens Associated Press News in a new tab)
Associated Press News — is Associated Press News biased? Our profile of this outlet
Show 3 more
- With a wary eye on Russia, Finland runs Europe's largest civil defense exercise since WWII (opens The Independent in a new tab)
The Independent — is The Independent biased? Our profile of this outlet
- Finland runs Europe's largest civil defense exercise since WWII (opens ABC News in a new tab)
- Headline Unavailable (opens Helsinki Times in a new tab)
Helsinki Times — is Helsinki Times biased? Our profile of this outlet
Centre
13- Finland runs Europe’s biggest civil defense exercise since the Cold War (opens My Mother Lode in a new tab)
My Mother Lode — is My Mother Lode biased? Our profile of this outlet
- With a Wary Eye on Russia, Finland Runs Europe's Largest Civil Defense Exercise Since WWII (opens Military.com in a new tab)
Military.com — is Military.com biased? Our profile of this outlet
- Finland runs Europe’s biggest civil defense exercise since the Cold War (opens The Hill in a new tab)
- VIDEO Finland Tests Bomb Shelters with 2,000 Citizens: "We Underestimate the Risk of Attacks" (opens vrt in a new tab)
- Finland runs Europe's largest civil defence exercise since WWII (opens Euronews in a new tab)
- Finland holds Europe's largest civil defence exercise since WWII (opens dailymail.com in a new tab)
dailymail.com — is dailymail.com biased? Our profile of this outlet
- With a wary eye on Russia, Finland runs Europe’s largest civil defense exercise since WWII – WTOP News (opens Washington Top News in a new tab)
Washington Top News — is Washington Top News biased? Our profile of this outlet
- With a wary eye on Russia, Finland runs Europe's largest civil de (opens WBAL in a new tab)
Show 5 more
- With a wary eye on Russia, Finland runs Europe's largest civil defense exercise since WWII (opens Winnipeg Free Press in a new tab)
Winnipeg Free Press — is Winnipeg Free Press biased? Our profile of this outlet
- With a wary eye on Russia, Finland runs Europe's largest civil defense exercise since WWII (opens WBOC 16 in a new tab)
- With a wary eye on Russia, Finland runs Europe's largest civil defense exercise since WWII (opens WKMG in a new tab)
- An Extraordinary Sight in Finland – a Giant Civil Defense Shelter Filled with People (opens Ilta-Sanomat in a new tab)
Ilta-Sanomat — is Ilta-Sanomat biased? Our profile of this outlet
- 2,000 Young People Were Locked up in a Civilian Shelter in Kuopio – the Internet Wasn't Working Properly and There Were Too Few Beds (opens yle in a new tab)
Right
10- With Eye On Moscow, Finland Stages Historic Post-WWII Civil Defense Drill (opens tippinsights in a new tab)
tippinsights — is tippinsights biased? Our profile of this outlet
- Finland Prepares the Population for War with Russia (opens Korrespondent.net in a new tab)
Korrespondent.net — is Korrespondent.net biased? Our profile of this outlet
- Finland at War: Europe's Largest Civil Defence Exercise Since World War II (opens La Razón in a new tab)
- With over 2000 Participants and Growing Concern for Russia, Finland Has Been Carrying Out Europe's Largest Civil Protection Exercise Since World War II (opens focus.de in a new tab)
- Finland Runs Europe's Biggest Civil Defense Exercise Since Cold War (opens Breitbart in a new tab)
- Finland Trains for Attack by Russia in Europe's Largest Civil Defense Exercise Since World War II (opens Protothema in a new tab)
Protothema — is Protothema biased? Our profile of this outlet
- Finland Prepares for the Worst: Mammoth Exercise for Russian Attack, Thousands of Civilians Participate -See Pictures - iefimerida.gr (opens Iefimerida in a new tab)
Iefimerida — is Iefimerida biased? Our profile of this outlet
- They Are Afraid of Putin: Finns Are Preparing for Nuclear War, Thousands Have Taken Shelter (opens Origo in a new tab)
Show 2 more
- With wary eye on Russia, Finland runs Europe's largest civil defence exercise since WWII (opens Times of India in a new tab)
Times of India — is Times of India biased? Our profile of this outlet
- With a wary eye on Russia, Finland runs Europe's largest civil defense exercise since WWII (opens Madison Courier in a new tab)
Madison Courier — is Madison Courier biased? Our profile of this outlet
Not rated
29- The Largest Civil Protection Exercise in Post-War Europe: Finland Prepares Its Population for the Scenario of a War with Russia (opens Independent.md in a new tab)
Independent.md — is Independent.md biased? Our profile of this outlet
- In the Face of the Russian Threat, Finland Launches Its Largest Civil Defence Exercise Since the Second World War (opens cnews.fr in a new tab)
- Civil Defence Exercise in Finland (opens veridica.ro in a new tab)
veridica.ro — is veridica.ro biased? Our profile of this outlet
- With Eye On Moscow, Finland Stages Historic Post-WWII Civil Defense Drill (opens BizToc in a new tab)
- The Largest Since World War II, over 2 Thousand People in Civil Defense Training in Finland! Fear of War and Disasters (opens Javanews.al in a new tab)
Javanews.al — is Javanews.al biased? Our profile of this outlet
- VIDEO This Has Not Been Seen in Europe Since the Second World War: More than 2 Thousand People Learn How to Survive a Rocket Attack (opens vecernji.ba in a new tab)
vecernji.ba — is vecernji.ba biased? Our profile of this outlet
- Finland Prepares for the Worst: Mammoth Exercise for Russian Attack, Thousands of Citizens Participate (opens Creta24 in a new tab)
- Photos From Finland's Exercise for a Possible Russian Attack #StarGrNews (opens star.gr in a new tab)
Show 21 more
- Finland Conducted the Largest Civil Defense Exercise in Europe Since World War II (opens δημοκρατία in a new tab)
δημοκρατία
- Finland Holds Largest Civil Defense Exercise Since World War II, Prepares for Possible Russian Attack (opens albeu.com in a new tab)
- VIDEO This Has Not Been Seen in Europe Since the Second World War: More than 2 Thousand People Learn How to Survive a Rocket Attack (opens Večernji list in a new tab)
Večernji list — is Večernji list biased? Our profile of this outlet
- Finland Prepares for Possible Russian Attack, Holds Largest Civil Defense Exercise Since World War II (opens Indeksonline.net in a new tab)
Indeksonline.net — is Indeksonline.net biased? Our profile of this outlet
- Finland Hosts Europe's Largest Civil Defense Exercise. (opens Haberler in a new tab)
- "War Rehearsal" in Finland: Citizens Prepare for Russian Attack - The Largest Exercise Since World War II (opens Unknown in a new tab)
Unknown
- Finland Trains for Russian Strike – Largest Exercise Since WWII... (opens frognews.bg in a new tab)
frognews.bg — is frognews.bg biased? Our profile of this outlet
- Finland: Major Civil Protection Exercise on Risk of Russian Attack (opens Capital.gr in a new tab)
Capital.gr — is Capital.gr biased? Our profile of this outlet
- 72-Hour Survival Scenario in Finland: Thousands of Civilians in Shelters Under Fear of Russia (Pictures) (opens ieidiseis.gr in a new tab)
ieidiseis.gr — is ieidiseis.gr biased? Our profile of this outlet
- "Finland Is Preparing for War": 2,000 People in Defense Exercise Under Russian Threat (opens flash.gr in a new tab)
- With an Eye on Russia: Finland Conducts the Largest Civil Defense Exercise in Europe Since World War II - See Images (opens Newsit.gr in a new tab)
- Finland Is Preparing for a Possible Attack. More than 2,000 People Mobilized in Europe's Largest Civil Protection Exercise After the Second World War (opens Aktual24 in a new tab)
- Finland Is Preparing for a Major Crisis: Europe's Largest Post-War Civil Protection Exercise (opens realitatea.md in a new tab)
realitatea.md — is realitatea.md biased? Our profile of this outlet
- A Polish Engineer Was More Surprised by the Finns than the Technology in Luola – This Is How the Volunteers' Night Went (opens savonsanomat.fi in a new tab)
savonsanomat.fi — is savonsanomat.fi biased? Our profile of this outlet
- Finland: Over 2,000 Citizens Participated in the Largest Civil Defense Exercise (opens pelop.gr in a new tab)
- Finland Is Preparing for the Worst: Europe's Largest Civil Protection Exercise After the Second World War (opens Mediafax in a new tab)
- Biggest Training Since World War II: Finland Trains Citizens in Case of Putin Attack (opens ТСН.ua in a new tab)
- Finland Prepares for World War - Evacuation Exercise Involving Thousands of Citizens: "It Is Important that People Are prepared..." (opens europost.gr in a new tab)
europost.gr — is europost.gr biased? Our profile of this outlet
- Finland Prepares for World War III - Evacuation Exercise for Thousands of Citizens (opens NewsBomb in a new tab)
- Civil Defence Exercise in Finland: Scenario with Russian Attack (opens puterea.ro in a new tab)
puterea.ro — is puterea.ro biased? Our profile of this outlet
- Finland Launched the Largest Civil Defence Exercise in Europe After the Second World War (opens Stirile Pro TV in a new tab)
Stirile Pro TV — is Stirile Pro TV biased? Our profile of this outlet
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