124 environmental defenders killed globally in 2025, report finds
Latin America accounted for 85% of deaths, with Colombia and Brazil being the deadliest countries.
AI-assisted coverage comparison, editor-supervised · How this was made

124 environmental defenders killed globally in 2025, report finds
Photograph: Washington Top News (embedded from source)
What this story says
- At least 124 land and environmental defenders were killed worldwide in 2025, according to a report by Global Witness.
- Latin America accounted for 85% of these deaths, with Colombia reporting 39 killings and Brazil reporting 26.
- More than three-quarters of those killed were Indigenous people, small-scale farmers, or Afro-descendants.
- Land disputes were linked to the majority of killings, followed by mining, logging, and agribusiness.
Who covered it
Percentages are shares of the 42 outlets carrying a published leaning rating. 25 of the 67 outlets we know ran this story carry no rating and are not counted in them. Coverage measured .
Trust
42/100
Craft
59/100
Hype
20/100
67 sources · methodology
Missing from the right
Only 5 of the 42 outlets with a published leaning rating that ran this story are rated right.
A reader who follows the right would not have seen this. We report the absence rather than explain it: outlets choose what to cover for many reasons, and we have no evidence about which one applies here.
A total of 124 land and environmental defenders were killed globally in 2025, with Latin America accounting for 85% of these deaths, according to a report released by the advocacy group Global Witness. Colombia was the deadliest country for the fourth consecutive year, recording 39 killings, followed by Brazil with 26. The report documented 105 killings in Latin America. More than three-quarters of the victims were Indigenous people, small-scale farmers, or Afro-descendants. Land disputes were linked to 84 killings, while mining and extractive industries were associated with 11 deaths, logging with eight, and agribusiness with six.
The worldwide toll of killings fell for a second consecutive year, but the report cautioned that this decline does not necessarily indicate increased safety for environmental defenders. Killings remain significantly underreported, and conflicts over land and resources are increasingly converging with organized crime and competition for resources. In Brazil, the number of killings more than doubled from 12 in 2024 to 26 in 2025. The report also noted killings in other regions, including 12 in the Philippines.
Disagreements in reporting
The Washington Top News report states that 124 land and environmental defenders were killed worldwide in 2025, with Latin America accounting for 85% of the deaths. The digest from Handelsblatt reports that more than 100 people were killed and that Latin America remains the most dangerous region for environmentalists, noting a doubling of killings in Brazil within a year. Digests from other outlets also state that at least 124 land and environmental defenders were killed worldwide in 2025, with Latin America accounting for 85% of the deaths.
What the coverage left out
None of the right-rated digests mention the specific breakdown of killings linked to mining and extractive industries, logging, or agribusiness. The right-rated digests also do not mention the report's caution that the decline in worldwide killings does not necessarily mean environmental defenders are becoming safer, nor do they detail the specific strategies being adopted for community-led protection.
Coverage settled. We checked this 48 times and stopped on 21 Sept 2026, 15:45. The figures above are what it finished at.
How each side covered it
Our own reading of the reporting listed below, written from the outlets’ articles rather than quoted from them. The reasoning is set out on our methodology page.
Left
21 rated outlets
- Left-rated reports led on the overall global figures for killings of land and environmental defenders in 2025, highlighting that Latin America accounted for 85% of these deaths. They specified Colombia as the deadliest country with 39 killings, followed by Brazil with 26. These reports also emphasised that more than three-quarters of those killed were Indigenous people, small-scale farmers, or Afro-descendants. The connection between land disputes and the killings was also a prominent theme, with land disputes linked to 84 killings. Some reports noted the increase in killings in Brazil and the ongoing struggles for ancestral territories.
Centre
16 rated outlets
- Centre-rated reports focused on the key statistics from the Global Witness report, stating that at least 124 land and environmental defenders were killed worldwide in 2025, with Latin America accounting for 85% of the deaths. They highlighted Colombia as the deadliest country with 39 killings and Brazil with 26. These reports also mentioned that more than three-quarters of those killed were Indigenous people, small-scale farmers, or Afro-descendants, and that land disputes were linked to 84 killings. The increase in killings in Brazil was also noted.
Right
5 rated outlets
- Right-rated reports highlighted that Latin America remains the most dangerous region for environmentalists, with more than 100 people killed. The digest from Handelsblatt specifically noted that killings in Brazil more than doubled within a year. The Washington Times digest also reported the overall figures of 124 global killings and 85% in Latin America, as well as the risk to Indigenous people and small-scale farmers.
Questions about this coverage
- How did the left and right cover 124 environmental defenders killed globally in 2025, report finds?
- Of the 42 outlets on this story carrying a published leaning rating, 50% are rated left, 38% are rated centre, 12% are rated right. Those percentages are shares of the rated outlets, not of every outlet that ran it, which was 67. The sections above set out what each side emphasised, in its own terms.
- Is 124 environmental defenders killed globally in 2025, report finds left or right?
- Neither side dominates it. Of the 42 rated outlets on this story, 50% are rated left, 38% are rated centre, 12% are rated right, and no side holds the 70% this site would want before calling a field one-sided. A story is not left or right in any case; the outlets that carried it are what carry ratings.
- Is the coverage of 124 environmental defenders killed globally in 2025, report finds biased?
- 124 environmental defenders killed globally in 2025, report finds is one event reported by 67 outlets, and this page does not rate the story as biased or unbiased. What it publishes is the spread: which outlets ran it, where named rating organisations place each of them on the spectrum, and what each side chose to lead with. A leaning rating describes an outlet's record over time, not this article, and the two should not be run together.
- Which side is not reporting 124 environmental defenders killed globally in 2025, report finds?
- When we first saw this story, outlets rated right had barely covered it. Coverage accretes for hours after an event, so that is where to look rather than a verdict — the split above is the current count, and it is the one to read.
- Which outlets covered 124 environmental defenders killed globally in 2025, report finds?
- 67 that we know of, every one of them listed further up this page with a link to its own report and to what we hold on the publisher. Nothing here is a summary of somebody else's summary: the outlets are named so the original reporting can be read.
- How many land and environmental defenders were killed worldwide in 2025?
- A report by Global Witness documented at least 124 killings of land and environmental defenders worldwide in 2025. The report indicated that Latin America accounted for 85% of these deaths, making it the deadliest region.
- Which countries had the highest number of killings?
- Colombia was the deadliest country for land and environmental defenders in 2025, with 39 killings. Brazil followed with 26 killings. Together, these two countries accounted for 52% of all documented killings globally.
- What were the main causes of these killings?
- Land disputes were linked to 84 of the 124 killings documented worldwide in 2025. Other causes included mining and extractive industries (11 killings), logging (eight killings), and agribusiness (six killings).
- Who were the primary victims?
- More than three-quarters of the land and environmental defenders killed in 2025 were Indigenous people, small-scale farmers, or Afro-descendants. Specifically, 47 victims were small-scale farmers and 44 were Indigenous people.
Read it at the source
67 outlets, grouped by the leaning a published rating gives them. Every headline links to the original; an underlined outlet name opens our profile of that publisher.
Left
21- 124 Land Defenders Killed in 2025 Amid Trump-Driven Lawlessness and Aid Cuts (opens Common Dreams in a new tab)
Common Dreams — is Common Dreams biased? Our profile of this outlet
- For the Fourth Year, Colombia Is the Most Lethal Country for Environmental Leadership (opens La Silla Vacía in a new tab)
La Silla Vacía — is La Silla Vacía biased? Our profile of this outlet
- Climate Activists Killed in 2025: 124 Victims, Global Witness Report (opens Il Fatto Quotidiano in a new tab)
Il Fatto Quotidiano — is Il Fatto Quotidiano biased? Our profile of this outlet
- Latin America Concentrates 85 % of Killings of Environmental Defenders · Global Voices (opens teleSUR in a new tab)
- In Brazil, the Number of Environmental Defenders Murdered Doubled in 2025 (opens Liberation in a new tab)
Liberation — is Liberation biased? Our profile of this outlet
- Killing of Environmental Defenders Reflects Power Struggle Over World's Resources (opens IPS in a new tab)
- Latin America Remains the Most Dangerous Region for Environmentalists (opens nd-aktuell.de in a new tab)
nd-aktuell.de — is nd-aktuell.de biased? Our profile of this outlet
- 124 Environmental Activists Killed Worldwide Last Year. Colombia Is the Most Dangerous (opens IndexHR in a new tab)
Show 13 more
- South America Remains the Most Dangerous Region for Environmentalists (opens Spiegel in a new tab)
- At Least 124 Environmental Defenders Were Killed Around the World in 2025 (opens Le Monde in a new tab)
- Latin America Concentrated 85% of Murders of Environmental Defenders in 2025: Report (opens Los Angeles Times in a new tab)
Los Angeles Times — is Los Angeles Times biased? Our profile of this outlet
- An Environmental Defender Is Murdered Every Three Days (opens Inside Climate News in a new tab)
Inside Climate News — is Inside Climate News biased? Our profile of this outlet
- Latin America Repeats as the Most Lethal Region to Defend the ... (opens El Pais in a new tab)
- Latin America accounted for 85% of environmental defender killings in 2025, report says (opens The Toronto Star in a new tab)
The Toronto Star — is The Toronto Star biased? Our profile of this outlet
- Latin America accounted for 85% of environmental defender killings in 2025, report says (opens The Seattle Times in a new tab)
The Seattle Times — is The Seattle Times biased? Our profile of this outlet
- Latin America accounted for 85% of environmental defender killings in 2025, report says (opens The Independent (US) in a new tab)
The Independent (US) — is The Independent (US) biased? Our profile of this outlet
- Latin America accounted for 85% of environmental defender killings in 2025, report says (opens Associated Press News in a new tab)
Associated Press News — is Associated Press News biased? Our profile of this outlet
- Latin America accounted for 85% of environmental defender killings in 2025, report says (opens The Independent in a new tab)
The Independent — is The Independent biased? Our profile of this outlet
- An Environmental Defender Is Murdered Every Three Days - Bucks County Beacon (opens Bucks County Beacon in a new tab)
Bucks County Beacon — is Bucks County Beacon biased? Our profile of this outlet
- Latin America accounted for 85% of environmental defender killings in 2025, report says (opens The Hamilton Spectator in a new tab)
The Hamilton Spectator — is The Hamilton Spectator biased? Our profile of this outlet
- Latin America Concentrated 85% of the Murders of Defenders of the Territory and the Environment in 2025 (opens Conservation news in a new tab)
Conservation news — is Conservation news biased? Our profile of this outlet
Centre
16- From Peru to the Philippines, defending the land comes at a deadly cost (opens Radio France Internationale in a new tab)
Radio France Internationale — is Radio France Internationale biased? Our profile of this outlet
- 85% of Murders Against Environmental Defenders Occur in Latin America (opens El Diario in a new tab)
- Latin America accounted for 85% of environmental defender killings in 2025, report says (opens The New York Ledger in a new tab)
The New York Ledger — is The New York Ledger biased? Our profile of this outlet
- Killings of Environmental Defenders Doubled in Brazil in 2025, According to Global Witness (opens France24 in a new tab)
- Latin America accounts for 85% of 2025 environmental defender killings (opens UPI in a new tab)
- Colombia and Brazil deadliest countries for environmental defenders, report says (opens BBC News in a new tab)
- Latin America Remains the Most Dangerous Region for Environmentalists (opens Deutsche Welle in a new tab)
Deutsche Welle — is Deutsche Welle biased? Our profile of this outlet
- Africa: At Least 124 Land and Environmental Defenders Killed Globally in 2025 (opens allAfrica in a new tab)
Show 8 more
- Latin America accounted for 85% of environmental defender killings in 2025, report says (opens My Mother Lode in a new tab)
My Mother Lode — is My Mother Lode biased? Our profile of this outlet
- Latin America Concentrated 85% of Murders of Environmental Defenders in 2025: Report (opens Santa Maria Times in a new tab)
Santa Maria Times — is Santa Maria Times biased? Our profile of this outlet
- Latin America Concentrated 85% of Murders of Environmental Defenders in 2025: Report (opens LancasterOnline in a new tab)
LancasterOnline — is LancasterOnline biased? Our profile of this outlet
- Latin America accounted for 85% of environmental defender killings in 2025, report says – WTOP News (opens Washington Top News in a new tab)
Washington Top News — is Washington Top News biased? Our profile of this outlet
- Latin America accounted for 85% of environmental defender killings in 2025, report says (opens Newsday in a new tab)
- Latin America accounted for 85% of environmental defender killings in 2025, report says (opens WSLS in a new tab)
- Latin America accounted for 85% of environmental defender killings in 2025, report says (opens WKMG in a new tab)
- Latin America accounted for 85% of environmental defender killings in 2025, report says (opens Winnipeg Free Press in a new tab)
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Right
5- Number of Environmental Activists Killed in Brazil Doubled in 2025 (opens Observador in a new tab)
Observador — is Observador biased? Our profile of this outlet
- Assassinations of Environmental Activists Doubled in 2025 in Brazil, Says NGO (opens Globo in a new tab)
- Brazil: Murders of Environmental Defenders Doubled in 2025 - iefimerida.gr (opens Iefimerida in a new tab)
Iefimerida — is Iefimerida biased? Our profile of this outlet
- More than 100 People Killed: Latin America Remains the Most Dangerous Region for Environmentalists (opens Handelsblatt in a new tab)
Handelsblatt — is Handelsblatt biased? Our profile of this outlet
- Latin America accounted for 85% of environmental defender killings in 2025, report says (opens Washington Times in a new tab)
Washington Times — is Washington Times biased? Our profile of this outlet
Not rated
25- More than 120 Environmental Defenders Were Killed in 2025 and Latin America Concentrated 85% of Cases (opens chacodiapordia.com in a new tab)
chacodiapordia.com — is chacodiapordia.com biased? Our profile of this outlet
- More than 120 Environmental Defenders Were Killed in 2025 and Latin America Concentrated 85% of Cases (opens elciudadanoweb.com in a new tab)
elciudadanoweb.com — is elciudadanoweb.com biased? Our profile of this outlet
- Colombia and Brazil Named Deadliest Countries for Environmental Activists (opens EnviroLink Network in a new tab)
EnviroLink Network — is EnviroLink Network biased? Our profile of this outlet
- Colombia and Brazil lead 2025 killings of land activists (opens Latin america News in a new tab)
Latin america News — is Latin america News biased? Our profile of this outlet
- More than 120 Environmentalists Were Murdered in 2025: 85% Were in Latin America (opens conclusion.com.ar in a new tab)
conclusion.com.ar — is conclusion.com.ar biased? Our profile of this outlet
- Global Witness Reports 124 Murders of Environmental Defenders in 2025 - La Patria Bolivia Digital Newspaper (opens Periódico La Patria in a new tab)
Periódico La Patria — is Periódico La Patria biased? Our profile of this outlet
- More than 120 Environmental Defenders Were Killed in 2025 and Latin America Concentrated 85% of Cases (opens Noticias Argentinas in a new tab)
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- 85% of Murders Against Environmental Defenders Occur in Latin America (opens eldiariodechihuahua.mx in a new tab)
eldiariodechihuahua.mx — is eldiariodechihuahua.mx biased? Our profile of this outlet
Show 17 more
- Latin America Accounts for 85% of the Murders of Environmental Defenders, Says a Recent NGO Report. (opens El Heraldo de Saltillo in a new tab)
El Heraldo de Saltillo — is El Heraldo de Saltillo biased? Our profile of this outlet
- 124 Environmental Defenders Killed in the World in 2025: with the Murder of a Corsican Farmer, France Is Affected by This Situation (opens nicematin.com in a new tab)
nicematin.com — is nicematin.com biased? Our profile of this outlet
- Deaths of Environmental Activists Double; Brazil Is 2nd Most Lethal Country (opens Correio Braziliense in a new tab)
Correio Braziliense — is Correio Braziliense biased? Our profile of this outlet
- 124 land defenders killed in 2025 amid Trump-driven lawlessness and aid cuts (opens nexusnewsfeed.com in a new tab)
nexusnewsfeed.com — is nexusnewsfeed.com biased? Our profile of this outlet
- Latin America's Most Dangerous Region for Environmentalists (opens ORF.at News in a new tab)
ORF.at News — is ORF.at News biased? Our profile of this outlet
- New Figures: More than 100 Killed: Environmentalists Live Here Particularly Dangerously (opens geo in a new tab)
- Africa: Killing of Environmental Defenders Reflects Power Struggle Over World’s Resources (opens PressNewsAgency in a new tab)
PressNewsAgency — is PressNewsAgency biased? Our profile of this outlet
- Brazil: 2025 Killing Year for Environmental Defenders · Global Voices (opens sciencesetavenir.fr in a new tab)
sciencesetavenir.fr — is sciencesetavenir.fr biased? Our profile of this outlet
- At Least 124 Environmental Defenders Murdered in 2025, According to Global Witness Report (opens L'Humanité in a new tab)
L'Humanité — is L'Humanité biased? Our profile of this outlet
- Brazil: Environmental Defenders Are Being Murdered Twice by 2025 (opens Επιλογές in a new tab)
Επιλογές
- They Opposed Mining and Deforestation and Became Targets: At Least 124 Activists Killed in One Year (opens glasistre.hr in a new tab)
glasistre.hr — is glasistre.hr biased? Our profile of this outlet
- At Least 124 Environmental Activists Killed in 2025 (opens 24sata.hr in a new tab)
- Number of Environmental Activists Killed in Brazil Doubled in 2025 (opens IOL Portugal in a new tab)
IOL Portugal — is IOL Portugal biased? Our profile of this outlet
- Number of Environmental Activists Killed in Brazil Doubled in 2025 (opens Noticias ao Minuto in a new tab)
Noticias ao Minuto — is Noticias ao Minuto biased? Our profile of this outlet
- Doubles the Number of Environmental Activists Murdered in Brazil, Says NGO (opens Metrópoles in a new tab)
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- At least 124 land and environmental defenders were killed in 2025: Global Witness report | Peace Brigades International-Canada (opens pbicanada.org in a new tab)
pbicanada.org — is pbicanada.org biased? Our profile of this outlet
- An Environmental Defender Is Murdered Every Three Days (opens ecotopical.com in a new tab)
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